Question: factorise $4x^2 - y^2$
1. **State the problem:** Factorise the expression $$4x^2 - y^2$$.
2. **Recognize the formula:** This is a difference of squares, which follows the formula $$a^2 - b^2 = (a - b)(a + b)$$.
3. **Identify terms:** Here, $$4x^2 = (2x)^2$$ and $$y^2 = y^2$$.
4. **Apply the difference of squares formula:**
$$4x^2 - y^2 = (2x)^2 - y^2 = (2x - y)(2x + y)$$.
5. **Final answer:** The factorised form is $$(2x - y)(2x + y)$$.