Question: What is the highest common factor (HCF) of $18$ and $9$?
1. **State the problem:** Find the highest common factor (HCF) of $18$ and $9$.
2. **Formula and rules:** The HCF of two numbers is the greatest number that divides both numbers exactly without leaving a remainder.
3. **Find factors:**
- Factors of $18$ are $1, 2, 3, 6, 9, 18$.
- Factors of $9$ are $1, 3, 9$.
4. **Common factors:** The common factors of $18$ and $9$ are $1, 3, 9$.
5. **Highest common factor:** The greatest of these common factors is $9$.
**Final answer:** The highest common factor (HCF) of $18$ and $9$ is $9$.