Question: ANGLES WITHIN PARALLEL LINES
[ESTIMATED TIME: 25 minutes]
1.
ABC is an isosceles triangle.
BA = BC.
PA is parallel to BC.
Angle ACB = 70°.
Diagram NOT
accurately drawn
Find the value of x.
Give a reason for each step in your working.
A = C
70° = 70°
1. **State the problem:** We have an isosceles triangle $ABC$ with $BA = BC$, and a line $PA$ parallel to $BC$. Given that $\angle ACB = 70^\circ$, we need to find the value of $x$, which is the angle between $PA$ and $AB$ at point $A$.
2. **Recall properties:** In an isosceles triangle, the angles opposite equal sides are equal. Since $BA = BC$, then $\angle BAC = \angle BCA = 70^\circ$.
3. **Identify angles:** We know $\angle ACB = 70^\circ$ (given) and $\angle BAC = 70^\circ$ (from isosceles property).
4. **Calculate $\angle ABC$:** The sum of angles in triangle $ABC$ is $180^\circ$.
$$\angle ABC = 180^\circ - \angle BAC - \angle ACB = 180^\circ - 70^\circ - 70^\circ = 40^\circ$$
5. **Use parallel lines property:** Since $PA \parallel BC$, the alternate interior angles formed by transversal $AB$ are equal.
Therefore, $x = \angle ABC = 40^\circ$.
6. **Final answer:**
$$x = 40^\circ$$
**Reasons:**
- Step 2: Isosceles triangle property.
- Step 4: Sum of angles in a triangle is $180^\circ$.
- Step 5: Alternate interior angles are equal when lines are parallel.
Hence, the value of $x$ is $40^\circ$.