Question: Find the exact value of each part labeled with a variable in the following figure.
g =
(Simplify your answer, including any radicals. Use integers or fractions for any numbers in the expression.)
1. **State the problem:** We have a triangle with a left side length of $21$, a left base angle of $30^\circ$, a right base angle of $60^\circ$, and the base split into two segments $g$ and $b$. We need to find the exact value of $g$.
2. **Identify the triangle type and properties:** The triangle has angles $30^\circ$, $60^\circ$, and $90^\circ$ (since the altitude $h$ is perpendicular to the base). This is a $30^\circ$-$60^\circ$-$90^\circ$ right triangle.
3. **Recall the side ratios in a $30^\circ$-$60^\circ$-$90^\circ$ triangle:** The sides opposite these angles are in the ratio:
$$1 : \sqrt{3} : 2$$
where the side opposite $30^\circ$ is the shortest side, opposite $60^\circ$ is $\sqrt{3}$ times the shortest side, and the hypotenuse is twice the shortest side.
4. **Assign sides based on the given triangle:** The left side of length $21$ is opposite the $60^\circ$ angle (since the left base angle is $30^\circ$, the side opposite it is $g$, and the side opposite $60^\circ$ is $21$).
5. **Find the shortest side (opposite $30^\circ$):** Let the shortest side be $x$. Then:
$$21 = x \sqrt{3} \implies x = \frac{21}{\sqrt{3}}$$
6. **Simplify $x$ by rationalizing the denominator:**
$$x = \frac{21}{\sqrt{3}} \times \frac{\sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{3}} = \frac{21 \sqrt{3}}{3} = 7 \sqrt{3}$$
7. **Find $g$, the side opposite $30^\circ$:** Since $g$ is the side opposite $30^\circ$, it equals $x$:
$$g = 7 \sqrt{3}$$
**Final answer:**
$$\boxed{g = 7 \sqrt{3}}$$