Question: 12. cos [sin^{-1}(-\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2})]
1. **State the problem:**
Find the value of $$\cos\left(\sin^{-1}\left(-\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\right)\right)$$.
2. **Recall the formula and important rules:**
If $$y = \sin^{-1}(x)$$, then $$\sin(y) = x$$ and $$y$$ lies in $$[-\frac{\pi}{2}, \frac{\pi}{2}]$$ (the principal range of arcsine).
We want to find $$\cos(y)$$ where $$\sin(y) = -\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}$$.
Use the Pythagorean identity:
$$\cos^2(y) + \sin^2(y) = 1$$
So,
$$\cos(y) = \pm \sqrt{1 - \sin^2(y)}$$.
3. **Calculate $$\cos(y)$$:**
$$\sin(y) = -\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}$$
Square it:
$$\sin^2(y) = \left(-\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\right)^2 = \frac{2}{4} = \frac{1}{2}$$
Then,
$$\cos(y) = \pm \sqrt{1 - \frac{1}{2}} = \pm \sqrt{\frac{1}{2}} = \pm \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}$$
4. **Determine the sign of $$\cos(y)$$:**
Since $$y = \sin^{-1}\left(-\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\right)$$, $$y$$ is in the interval $$[-\frac{\pi}{2}, \frac{\pi}{2}]$$ (quadrants IV and I).
Given $$\sin(y) < 0$$, $$y$$ must be in quadrant IV where cosine is positive.
Therefore,
$$\cos(y) = +\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}$$
5. **Final answer:**
$$\cos\left(\sin^{-1}\left(-\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\right)\right) = \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}$$